This article refreshes our memory about the time of the intensive (global) brain drain, looking at the way it is dealt with in selected studies as well as the position of Slovenia from the end of the 1950s to the beginning of the 1990s, that is, when Slovenia became independent. In the first part, the author considers the various theoretical concepts and their definitions. Then, in the second part, she illuminates the phenomenon using clear data to reveal Slovenia’s integral role in the broader world currents of that time. She asserts that understanding the wider context is the kay to understanding the phenomenon in all its dimensions. 
KEYWORDS: brain drain, skill drain, highly skilled migration, migration

This article refreshes our memory about the time of the intensive (global) brain drain, looking at the way it is dealt with in selected studies as well as the position of Slovenia from the end of the 1950s to the beginning of the 1990s, that is, when Slovenia became independent. In the first part, the author considers the various theoretical concepts and their definitions. Then, in the second part, she illuminates the phenomenon using clear data to reveal Slovenia’s integral role in the broader world currents of that time. She asserts that understanding the wider context is the kay to understanding the phenomenon in all its dimensions. 
KEYWORDS: brain drain, skill drain, highly skilled migration, migration

The article analyzes the practices of exclusion and discrimination against Chinese migrants in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. It highlights the mechanisms of exclusion towards Chinese migrants in the countries of settlement, the country of origin and their transnational communities as well as the resistance to discrimination. The author connects these practices to specific sets of mobility imaginaries and speculates about the effects of such exclusions in rearranging the relationship between the conceptual pair “migrant–citizen”. 
KEYWORDS: Chinese migration, COVID-19, pandemic, discrimination, racism

The article analyzes the practices of exclusion and discrimination against Chinese migrants in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. It highlights the mechanisms of exclusion towards Chinese migrants in the countries of settlement, the country of origin and their transnational communities as well as the resistance to discrimination. The author connects these practices to specific sets of mobility imaginaries and speculates about the effects of such exclusions in rearranging the relationship between the conceptual pair “migrant–citizen”. 
KEYWORDS: Chinese migration, COVID-19, pandemic, discrimination, racism

Examining the role of urban spatiality for the integration of young immigrants is an emerging research field with the potential to provide important foundations for the implementation of integration policies and urban design. Current research in Germany on this subject focuses on large cities; this study adds insight instead into the context of a mid-sized city. The study asks: How do young adult immigrants participate in public spaces in Oldenburg? Results from five interviews show that the city center is connected to consumer purposes and social encounters in semi-public spaces. Study participants rarely use the public spaces in the city; instead, they favor the public green spaces on the outskirts.
KEYWORDS: participation, public space, young immigrants, mid-sized city, green spaces

Examining the role of urban spatiality for the integration of young immigrants is an emerging research field with the potential to provide important foundations for the implementation of integration policies and urban design. Current research in Germany on this subject focuses on large cities; this study adds insight instead into the context of a mid-sized city. The study asks: How do young adult immigrants participate in public spaces in Oldenburg? Results from five interviews show that the city center is connected to consumer purposes and social encounters in semi-public spaces. Study participants rarely use the public spaces in the city; instead, they favor the public green spaces on the outskirts.
KEYWORDS: participation, public space, young immigrants, mid-sized city, green spaces

he authors conducted a survey of online groups on Facebook (N = 270) and a survey of Slovenian migrants (N = 629) to gain insight into the use of social networking services (SNSs) during different phases of the migration process. SNSs can help migrants establish new relationships with migrants in the destination country, which may help them to cope with periods of loneliness in the post-migrant phase. Online groups are an important source of information on the destination, aiding informed decision-making in the pre-migrant phase. Migrants in the post-migrant phase may have lower privacy concerns and perceive higher regulatory protection of their privacy than in the settled phase.
KEYWORDS: social networks, Facebook, migrants, social networking services

he authors conducted a survey of online groups on Facebook (N = 270) and a survey of Slovenian migrants (N = 629) to gain insight into the use of social networking services (SNSs) during different phases of the migration process. SNSs can help migrants establish new relationships with migrants in the destination country, which may help them to cope with periods of loneliness in the post-migrant phase. Online groups are an important source of information on the destination, aiding informed decision-making in the pre-migrant phase. Migrants in the post-migrant phase may have lower privacy concerns and perceive higher regulatory protection of their privacy than in the settled phase.
KEYWORDS: social networks, Facebook, migrants, social networking services

Trade unions have a crucial role in the social integration processes of migrants. Nevertheless, some aspects of this relationship are still relatively unexplored, particularly that of the relationship between trade unions and racism and that of the trade unions’ fight against racial discrimination. This paper aims to investigate the still partially unexplored link between Italian trade unions and racial discrimination within the framework of the 2008 economic crisis. Through the narratives of stakeholders, trade unions, and migrant workers, the author provides an in-depth look at the efforts of Italian trade unions to fight discrimination and examines the main barriers that prevent migrants from being involved in unions.
KEYWORDS: migrant workers, trade union, racism, discrimination, economic crisis

Trade unions have a crucial role in the social integration processes of migrants. Nevertheless, some aspects of this relationship are still relatively unexplored, particularly that of the relationship between trade unions and racism and that of the trade unions’ fight against racial discrimination. This paper aims to investigate the still partially unexplored link between Italian trade unions and racial discrimination within the framework of the 2008 economic crisis. Through the narratives of stakeholders, trade unions, and migrant workers, the author provides an in-depth look at the efforts of Italian trade unions to fight discrimination and examines the main barriers that prevent migrants from being involved in unions.
KEYWORDS: migrant workers, trade union, racism, discrimination, economic crisis