The article analyzes the role of Kranjska sausage (Slv. kranjska klobasa) in everyday nationalism among Slovenian immigrants in the United States from 1919 to 1945. It explores how a nation reproduces itself through everyday practices, habits, and ways of being, particularly related to everyday nationalism. The thesis is that nationalism is not only a product of institutional actions but is also reproduced outside official, formal, and instrumental frameworks at the level of largely unreflected everyday practices. The article is based on an analysis of texts containing the phrase “kranjska klobasa” that appeared in Slovenian migrant newspapers of record in the United States in the period 1919–1945.
Keywords: everyday nationalism, banal nationalism, material culture, newspapers, kranjska sausage

The article analyzes the role of Kranjska sausage (Slv. kranjska klobasa) in everyday nationalism among Slovenian immigrants in the United States from 1919 to 1945. It explores how a nation reproduces itself through everyday practices, habits, and ways of being, particularly related to everyday nationalism. The thesis is that nationalism is not only a product of institutional actions but is also reproduced outside official, formal, and instrumental frameworks at the level of largely unreflected everyday practices. The article is based on an analysis of texts containing the phrase “kranjska klobasa” that appeared in Slovenian migrant newspapers of record in the United States in the period 1919–1945.
Keywords: everyday nationalism, banal nationalism, material culture, newspapers, kranjska sausage

The article analyzes the role of Slovene servants—mostly immigrants from the surrounding Slovenian basin and nearby Austrian lands—during the 1910 census in Trieste. The focus is on their autonomous behavior regarding the dependent position within households and the public pressure of (Slovene and Italian) national elites in the city. With the public discourse, archival material, and quantitative analysis of a sample of census polls, the research synthesizes the importance of data such as the language of communication and the servants’ places of origin. It then interpretively places them in the context of (national) identity.
Keywords: Slovene servants, immigrants, (national) identity, national elites, 1910 census, Trst/Trieste

The article analyzes the role of Slovene servants—mostly immigrants from the surrounding Slovenian basin and nearby Austrian lands—during the 1910 census in Trieste. The focus is on their autonomous behavior regarding the dependent position within households and the public pressure of (Slovene and Italian) national elites in the city. With the public discourse, archival material, and quantitative analysis of a sample of census polls, the research synthesizes the importance of data such as the language of communication and the servants’ places of origin. It then interpretively places them in the context of (national) identity.
Keywords: Slovene servants, immigrants, (national) identity, national elites, 1910 census, Trst/Trieste

The paper looks at perceptions of aging among elderly Iranian migrants in Nevsehir, Turkey. The author explores how socioeconomic and cultural factors and the transit migrant status of these migrants affect their perceptions of aging. The study used a semi-structured questionnaire to conduct in-depth interviews. It suggests that wage discrimination plays a significant role in determining the respondents’ perceptions of aging due to the lack of official work permits for Iranian migrants. It also explores how the transit migrant status of elderly Iranian migrants and the uncertainty of their stay in Turkey restrict their social networks and access to social protection, sharply shaping their perceptions of aging.
Keywords: perception, elderly Iranian migrant, transit migration, aging, Turkey

The paper looks at perceptions of aging among elderly Iranian migrants in Nevsehir, Turkey. The author explores how socioeconomic and cultural factors and the transit migrant status of these migrants affect their perceptions of aging. The study used a semi-structured questionnaire to conduct in-depth interviews. It suggests that wage discrimination plays a significant role in determining the respondents’ perceptions of aging due to the lack of official work permits for Iranian migrants. It also explores how the transit migrant status of elderly Iranian migrants and the uncertainty of their stay in Turkey restrict their social networks and access to social protection, sharply shaping their perceptions of aging.
Keywords: perception, elderly Iranian migrant, transit migration, aging, Turkey

The article examines the response of a united representation of Cold War era exiles (Assembly of Captive European Nations, ACEN) to the Moscow-inspired repatriation campaign of 1955. The article’s focus rests on the US-sponsored exile political activities carried under the aegis of the Free Europe Committee. The year 1955 serves as a particularly interesting moment when both key adversaries in the Cold War were engaged in programs using migration as a tool to advance their political goals. The issue of political exiles’ agency is signaled based on the Polish case in the context of American redefection programs and Washington’s response to the Soviet Bloc campaign to demoralize anti-communist escapees and induce their return.
Keywords: repatriation campaign, Cold War, political exile, Assembly of Captive European Nations

The article examines the response of a united representation of Cold War era exiles (Assembly of Captive European Nations, ACEN) to the Moscow-inspired repatriation campaign of 1955. The article’s focus rests on the US-sponsored exile political activities carried under the aegis of the Free Europe Committee. The year 1955 serves as a particularly interesting moment when both key adversaries in the Cold War were engaged in programs using migration as a tool to advance their political goals. The issue of political exiles’ agency is signaled based on the Polish case in the context of American redefection programs and Washington’s response to the Soviet Bloc campaign to demoralize anti-communist escapees and induce their return.
Keywords: repatriation campaign, Cold War, political exile, Assembly of Captive European Nations

The article examines specific aspects of the humanitarian engagement of Yugoslav immigrants in the United States during World War II. In addition, it aims to highlight how particular ideological, political, and ethnonational views were expressed through the organization, cooperation, and engagement in humanitarian actions. The article reviews the engagement of the United Committee of South-Slavic Americans (UCSSA), an organization whose one activity was sending aid to vulnerable compatriots in the old homeland. It also sheds light on a specific endeavor, namely, the process of loading the Yugoslav ship with humanitarian aid for the partisans and civilians in the liberated parts of Yugoslavia.
Keywords: United Committee of South-Slavic Americans, War Relief Fund of Americans of South Slavic Descent, Yugoslav immigration, humanitarian aid

The article examines specific aspects of the humanitarian engagement of Yugoslav immigrants in the United States during World War II. In addition, it aims to highlight how particular ideological, political, and ethnonational views were expressed through the organization, cooperation, and engagement in humanitarian actions. The article reviews the engagement of the United Committee of South-Slavic Americans (UCSSA), an organization whose one activity was sending aid to vulnerable compatriots in the old homeland. It also sheds light on a specific endeavor, namely, the process of loading the Yugoslav ship with humanitarian aid for the partisans and civilians in the liberated parts of Yugoslavia.
Keywords: United Committee of South-Slavic Americans, War Relief Fund of Americans of South Slavic Descent, Yugoslav immigration, humanitarian aid