Thought, Society, Culture Series, Vol. 5. Berlin: Peter Lang, 2024, 460 pp.

The authors of this complex volume are Aleksej Kalc, Mirjam Milharčič Hladnik, and Janja Žitnik Serafin, researchers at the Slovenian Migration Institute at the Scientific Research Centre at the Slovenian Academy of Science and Arts. Over the past decades, they have made a significant contribution to Slovenian social, cultural, and political history, reconstructing the migratory movements that have taken place in the Adriatic border area and helping to shed light on integration processes, gender inequalities, and the cultural elements in which those who left and those who remained identified.

Thought, Society, Culture Series, Vol. 5. Berlin: Peter Lang, 2024, 460 pp.

The authors of this complex volume are Aleksej Kalc, Mirjam Milharčič Hladnik, and Janja Žitnik Serafin, researchers at the Slovenian Migration Institute at the Scientific Research Centre at the Slovenian Academy of Science and Arts. Over the past decades, they have made a significant contribution to Slovenian social, cultural, and political history, reconstructing the migratory movements that have taken place in the Adriatic border area and helping to shed light on integration processes, gender inequalities, and the cultural elements in which those who left and those who remained identified.

The paper’s main objective is to present the results of research aimed at analyzing the intergenerational social mobility processes linked to migration in Argentine and Moroccan families settled in Galicia, Spain. By examining family strategies, the study analyzes the varying mobilization of social, financial, and human capital, intersecting with ethnic capital. The results point out the complex interaction and interrelationship of different conditioning elements (macro, meso, and micro-social determinants) and make it plain that there is a real capacity for agency of particular descendants within given structures, despite the barriers imposed by public policies, labor market discrimination dynamics, and the socioeconomic situation in Spain.
Keywords: social mobility, capital, ethnicity, migrations, second generations, Spain, Argentina, Morocco

The paper’s main objective is to present the results of research aimed at analyzing the intergenerational social mobility processes linked to migration in Argentine and Moroccan families settled in Galicia, Spain. By examining family strategies, the study analyzes the varying mobilization of social, financial, and human capital, intersecting with ethnic capital. The results point out the complex interaction and interrelationship of different conditioning elements (macro, meso, and micro-social determinants) and make it plain that there is a real capacity for agency of particular descendants within given structures, despite the barriers imposed by public policies, labor market discrimination dynamics, and the socioeconomic situation in Spain.
Keywords: social mobility, capital, ethnicity, migrations, second generations, Spain, Argentina, Morocco

For over half a century, there has been a growing awareness of the disproportionate representation of minority students in special education systems around the world. Spain has yet to undertake an in-depth analysis of this issue. This article investigates this situation using a statistical analysis of relevant data to align with international findings. By applying a z-score to the dataset of national and foreign populations, significant differences emerge, particularly among certain nationalities. The conclusions highlight considerations for future research, emphasizing the need for a multi-situated, interdisciplinary approach to address educational inequality.
Keywords: special education, minorities, segregation, Spain, disproportionate representation

For over half a century, there has been a growing awareness of the disproportionate representation of minority students in special education systems around the world. Spain has yet to undertake an in-depth analysis of this issue. This article investigates this situation using a statistical analysis of relevant data to align with international findings. By applying a z-score to the dataset of national and foreign populations, significant differences emerge, particularly among certain nationalities. The conclusions highlight considerations for future research, emphasizing the need for a multi-situated, interdisciplinary approach to address educational inequality.
Keywords: special education, minorities, segregation, Spain, disproportionate representation

The article analyzes the vulnerability of labor migrants from Bulgaria to traffickers and exploiters. Based on in-depth interviews with victims and experts in the field of human trafficking, the authors identify the main factors for falling into trafficking and the methods of recruiting and exploiting victims. The article answers the question as to why this phenomenon remains so persistent over time. A worrisome trend has been observed where victims perceive exploitation as a regular aspect of their employment abroad. The authors point out that reducing migrants’ vulnerability largely depends on the broader national socioeconomic context, global inequalities, and the demand for cheap labor.
Keywords: migration, human trafficking, labor exploitation, inequalities, Bulgaria

The article analyzes the vulnerability of labor migrants from Bulgaria to traffickers and exploiters. Based on in-depth interviews with victims and experts in the field of human trafficking, the authors identify the main factors for falling into trafficking and the methods of recruiting and exploiting victims. The article answers the question as to why this phenomenon remains so persistent over time. A worrisome trend has been observed where victims perceive exploitation as a regular aspect of their employment abroad. The authors point out that reducing migrants’ vulnerability largely depends on the broader national socioeconomic context, global inequalities, and the demand for cheap labor.
Keywords: migration, human trafficking, labor exploitation, inequalities, Bulgaria

The article compares the views of two of Cleveland’s most prominent Slovenians, Tony Petkovšek and Vinko Lipovec, on the development and changes in the largest Slovenian emigrant community between 1950 and 2015, and how they see the community’s future. Both Petkovšek and Lipovec were respectable cultural workers who enjoyed a great reputation in the wider community and respected each other. The former was the descendant of economic emigrants who arrived before World War I, while the latter was a political refugee from after World War II. The author notes that their views on most topics are quite similar, although Petkovšek attributes greater importance for the community to polka music, while Lipovec emphasizes the importance of language. For the future, both expect the community’s survival, despite its decline.
Keywords: Slovenian community in Cleveland, Tony Petkovšek, Vinko Lipovec, changes in the community 1950–2015, prospects for the future

The article compares the views of two of Cleveland’s most prominent Slovenians, Tony Petkovšek and Vinko Lipovec, on the development and changes in the largest Slovenian emigrant community between 1950 and 2015, and how they see the community’s future. Both Petkovšek and Lipovec were respectable cultural workers who enjoyed a great reputation in the wider community and respected each other. The former was the descendant of economic emigrants who arrived before World War I, while the latter was a political refugee from after World War II. The author notes that their views on most topics are quite similar, although Petkovšek attributes greater importance for the community to polka music, while Lipovec emphasizes the importance of language. For the future, both expect the community’s survival, despite its decline.
Keywords: Slovenian community in Cleveland, Tony Petkovšek, Vinko Lipovec, changes in the community 1950–2015, prospects for the future